The most significant oyster species is pinctada margaritifera.
2.
Black cultured pearls from the black pearl oyster " Pinctada margaritifera " are not South Sea pearls, although they are often mistakenly described as black South Sea pearls.
3.
These pearls are produced by " Pinctada margaritifera " ( black-lipped oysters ) and " Pinctada maxima " ( gold-lipped and white-lipped oysters ).
4.
The best natural pearls are produced by marine pearl oysters, " Pinctada margaritifera " and " Pinctada mertensi ", which live in the tropical and subtropical waters of the Pacific Ocean.
5.
Since the development of pearl culture technology, the black pearl oysters " Pinctada margaritifera " found in Tahiti and many other Pacific islands including the Cook Islands and Fiji are being extensively used for producing cultured pearls.
6.
However, it is important to note that " mukdahan " can refer to most any semiprecious stone resembling the pearl having a grey dull color, and not necessarily the pearl oyster, " Pinctada margaritifera ".
7.
This is simply because the black pearl oyster " Pinctada margaritifera " is far more abundant than the elusive, rare, and larger south sea pearl oyster " Pinctada maxima ", which cannot be found in lagoons, but which must be dived for in a rare number of deep ocean habitats or grown in hatcheries.
8.
South Sea and Tahitian pearl oysters, also known as " Pinctada maxima " and " Pinctada margaritifera ", which survive the subsequent surgery to remove the finished pearl, are often implanted with a new, larger beads as part of the same procedure and then returned to the water for another 2 3 years of growth.
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